ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 2478 Second edition 1987-11-01 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATIONINTERNATIONALE DENORMALISATION MEKAYHAPOAHAAOPTAHM3ALMAOCTAHAAPTM3ALMM ANsr Internat Doc Sect Dense shaped refractory products - Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating Produits refractaires faconnes denses - Determination de la variation permanente de dimensionssousI'actiondela chaleur Referencenumber ISO 2478 : 1987 (E) No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale Foreword ISo (the international Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IsO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IsO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with Iso, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISo Council. They are approved in accordance with IsO procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting. International Standard ISO 2478 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33, Refractories. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS 2478 : 1973), the prin- cipal differences being in the requirements concerning selection, measurement and mounting of test pieces, and the heating schedule applied in the procedure. Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated. @ International Organization for Standardization, 1987 Printed inSwitzerland orStandardizatior No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO2478:1987(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Dense shaped refractory products - Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating Scope and field of application 5 Apparatus This International Standard specifies two methods for deter- 5.1 Furnace, either electric or gas-fired, capable of heating mining the permanent change in dimensions of a dense shaped the test pieces described in 6.2, in a continuously oxidizing at- refractory product. It does not apply to products containing mosphere, at the specified rate (see 7.6), and of maintaining carbon. the test temperature for the required time. 2 References NOTE - The use of an electric furnace is recommended, but a gas- fired furnace may be used provided that the furnace atmosphere is Iso5017,Dense shaped refractory products-Determination continuously oxidizing and there is provision for monitoring this condi- of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity.1 tion. ISo 5022, Shaped refractory products - Sampling and accep- 5.2 Thermocouples, a minimum of three, to measure the tance testing. temperature and the temperature distribution over the space occupiedbythetestpieces. 3 Definitions 5.3 Temperature/time registration device, for use in con- For the purposes of this International Standard, the following junction with the thermocouples (5.2), so that a continuous definitions apply. record of the temperature is obtained. 3.1 permanent change in dimensions on heating : The 5.4 Length-measuring device (for Method 1), which shall expansion or contraction that remains in a shaped refractory preferably be a dial-gauge apparatus consisting of a dial-gauge product that is heated to a specified temperature for a specified time and then cooled to ambient temperature. stand which has a surface-ground base plate (figure 1),and a test piece carrier, as shown in figure 2, with three studs to sup- 3.2 dense shaped refractory product : A refractory pro- port